International Journal of Human Movement Science
ISSN : 1976-4391 (print)
ISSN : 2586-078X (online)
ISSN : 1976-4391 (print)
ISSN : 2586-078X (online)
Sports Injuries among High School Athletes in 15 West Central Florida SchoolsKaren Liller , Siwon Jang , Siew Wong , Barbara Morris , Soo Yeon Lee 9(2) 5-23, 2015
TitleSports Injuries among High School Athletes in 15 West Central Florida Schools
Karen Liller , Siwon Jang , Siew Wong , Barbara Morris , Soo Yeon Lee DOI: AbstractInjury surveillance needs to be conducted so that tailored interventions for high school athletes may be implemented. The purposes of this study are to report the 2013-2014 injuries of high school athletes in 15 West Central Florida schools utilizing the Reporting Information Online (RIO) data system and to garnish support for the role of surveillance in planning injury prevention programs for athletes. Certified athletic trainers (ATCs) were hired and trained by researchers from the University of South Florida Sports Medicine and Athletic-Related Trauma Institute (SMART) to collect and report injury findings from the high school athletes. Descriptive statistics, injury rates, and risk ratios were calculated utilizing SAS (Version 9.3). Overall, 574 injuries were reported by the ATCs. The majority of athletes injured were male (68.4%). Football was the leading sport (270, 47.0%) for number of injuries. The leading rate of injury per 1000 athlete-exposures for practices was for women``s lacrosse at 3.36 and for competition, football at 14.4. Boys had significantly greater injury rates compared to girls overall. The results of this study point to the need for collecting high school athletes`` sports injury data and using the findings for the implementation and management of tailored injury prevention programs. Key Wordsinjury surveillance tool, high school athletes, sports injury, injury prevention programs |
Assessment of Coaches` First Aid Knowledge and Decision Making in Youth SoccerJessica W. Chin , Lynnette Castro , Kyung Mo Han 9(2) 25-38, 2015
TitleAssessment of Coaches` First Aid Knowledge and Decision Making in Youth Soccer
Jessica W. Chin , Lynnette Castro , Kyung Mo Han DOI: AbstractYouth participation in sports and recreational activities will continue. Youth``s coaches are critical to participants`` safety and injury prevention. In many cases the coach is the first person on site to deliver first aid. The purpose of this study was to assess the first aid knowledge of youth soccer coaches. One hundred forty nine coaches from California Youth Soccer Association-North (CYSA-N) were recruited. Coaches completed an online First Aid Assessment (FAA) test and a demographic questionnaire. Of the 114 coaches that completed the FAA, 13 (11.4%) earned a passing grade. Of the 114 coaches that completed the demographic sheet, 31 (27.2%) reported being current first aid certified and 24 (21.0%) reported being current CPR certified. Further, 5 of the 22 (22.7%) coaches who reported being both First Aid and CPR certified passed the FAA test, while only 5 of the 81 (6.2%) who had neither CPR nor first aid certifications passed. The results indicated that coaches currently certified in first aid and CPR were more successful than those without the certifications in passing the FAA test; however, the passing rate for all groups was still very low, demonstrating a need for further education and training for youth soccer coaches. It is recommended that youth soccer programs incorporate qualified allied health professionals who are trained and educated in delivering injury care and making return to play decisions. Key WordsFirst aid certification, CPR, youth coach, youth soccer |
The Positive Impact of Commercialization of Intercollegiate Athletics on Institutions of Higher EducationJong Geon Lim 9(2) 39-50, 2015
TitleThe Positive Impact of Commercialization of Intercollegiate Athletics on Institutions of Higher Education
Jong Geon Lim DOI: AbstractOver several decades, a significant number of books and articles have addressed the growing concern regarding commercialization of intercollegiate athletics and the resulting effect on colleges and universities (Sperber, 1990; Duderstadt, 2003). Most of the research has indicated that college sport should be reformed and cite aspects such as the facilities "arms race", millionaire coaches, increasing professionalization of athletes, and mounting media pressures. Contradictory to those concerns, studies have shown that there are a multitude of benefits directly related to the athletic program that can be realized by universities (Goff, 2000; Roy and Graeff, 2008; Stinson and Howard, 2004). This paper will focus on the positive impact on colleges and universities derived from college athletic programs. For the purposes of this paper, the positive impact to the university is divided into three areas: (1) enrollment, that includes increased enrollment or admissions applications of universities due to the athletic success and increased student quality based on SAT scores; (2) exposure, which includes media coverage such as number of articles about the institution that provide positive perception and (3) contribution, which includes increased giving to the university due to intercollegiate athletic success. Current evidence indicates that athletic success and participation in a college sport league provides several benefits to the university. Most contents rely on existing studies, as well as public press accounts. It is suggested based on the results that the negative aspects often discussed in the previous studies can easily overshadow the many positive contributions that intercollegiate athletics programs provide for the institution. Key Wordsintercollegiate athletics, institution, enrollment, exposure, contribution |
Application of the Points of Attachment Index (PAI) into a Physical Activity Context: Psychometric EvaluationJae Pil Ha 9(2) 51-67, 2015
TitleApplication of the Points of Attachment Index (PAI) into a Physical Activity Context: Psychometric Evaluation
Jae Pil Ha DOI: AbstractThis study aimed to develop a scale measuring multiple points of attachment in a physical active leisure context and to assess the construct reliability and validity of the scale. The Psychological Continuum Model served as the theoretical framework from which the Points of Attachment Index- Physical Activity (PAI-PA) scale was developed. A total sample of 269 participants completed the online PAI-PA scale assessing their attachment to physical activity, physical activity programming, and a physically active community. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), a multiple group CFA, and a path analysis were conducted to test the reliability and validity of the scale. The results of the CFAs and path analysis indicated that the scale had an acceptable fit to the data. In addition, the PAI-PA revealed sound psychometric properties in terms of reliability, construct validity, and predictive validity. Results supported the reliability and validity of the PAI-PA. Thus, an application of the developed scale in a variety of physical activity contexts would contribute to the advancement of a body of knowledge in physical activity, public health, and sport management. Key Wordspoints of attachment, physical activity, PAI, rural health, community |
Effect of the 12-weeks Combined Exercise in Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type3Sung Jin Yoon , Soo Been Park , Moon Jin Lee 9(2) 69-83, 2015
TitleEffect of the 12-weeks Combined Exercise in Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type3
Sung Jin Yoon , Soo Been Park , Moon Jin Lee DOI: AbstractSpinal muscular atrophy (SMA) shows a feature that the number of neuron in anterior horn of spinal cord and its function decline, and screening nerve in skeletal muscle and a gradual muscular atrophy are arisen by a fault in SMN gene (survival motor neuron gene). Through endurance exercise, it has been reported that the advancement of aerobic exercise capacity and protection for a nerve cell are effective, however. Therefore this study has been a single case study which has researched into type III SMA patient by carrying out 12-week combined exercise. As the participant, 17-year-old man (height: 161.0 cm, body weight: 47.2, BMI: 18.2) who has SMA III has taken part. He has done combined with exercise, which blends aerobic exercise and resistance exercise during 12 weeks. For measurement, aerobic exercise capacity by using body composition, physical fitness, and the arm ergometry and Isokinetic muscle function has been carried out. As the result, the muscle mass of arm and trunk in the body composition has grown by 10.5%, 7.6% and 5.6%. Continuous sprint has risen by 5.9% in the physical fitness. It``s shown that the result that VO2max and AT-VO2max has increased by 10.3% and 19.1% respectively in the aerobic exercise capacity, and the lactate level has been improved at the final time of exercise, too. In Isokinetic muscle function, the right side of the strength of extensor muscle at the whole of 60°/sec and 180°/sec shows a decreasing tendency, and the right side of the strength of flexor muscle and the left side of the strength of flexor and extensor muscle show the result that they has increased. Therefore, it also suggests that SMA patients should be able to make the aerobic exercise capacity and muscular strength improved a through continuous exercise. Key Wordsspinal muscular atrophy, combined exercise, body composition, physical fitness, isokinetic muscle function |
Study of MSD Prevention Exercise Program on Farmers in Korea: Props Pilates Stability and Balance Exercise (PPSBE)Hye Jin Kim , Sang Nam Nam , Ungryel Bae , Hyun Kyung Shin 9(2) 85-99, 2015
TitleStudy of MSD Prevention Exercise Program on Farmers in Korea: Props Pilates Stability and Balance Exercise (PPSBE)
Hye Jin Kim , Sang Nam Nam , Ungryel Bae , Hyun Kyung Shin DOI: AbstractMusculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are among the most costly health care problems facing society in Korea. Farmers are exposed to MSD 2.4 times than healthy people. There are alternative solutions to prevent from MSD such as hospital treatment, physical therapy and movement education. Therefore, customized exercise is necessary for farmers to manage their health by themselves. General exercise can cause pain during exercise so that stability exercise is needed for farmers with MSD to control pain. Stability Exercise such as Props Pilates Stability and Balance Exercise (PPSBE) focus on improving balance, flexibility, core strength, postural awareness and so on. The government policy of MSD Prevention has been implemented for farmers to improve working environment in Korea. Over 3,000 farmers with MSD have participated in PPSBE program from 2008 to 2015. Female usually has more MSD problem than male. In order to gather sampling data on body stability before and after the exercise program, 180 female farmers aged 50 to 65 years old were chosen and this study employed MFT (Multi-Functional Training) device. They were asked to maintain standing balance on unstable surface, in the lateral setting and forward/backward setting. PPSBE regimen was undertaken 3 times a week for 12 weeks (1 for instructor``s lecture, 2 for video lecture). PPSBE was consisted of 30-min gym ball, 30-min foam roller and 30-min tubing in group. The subjects were tested before and after the program. There was a significant improvement in body stability (BS) and the reduction of pain. These results suggest that PPSBE can be safely performed to farmers with MSD and lead to improve in stability and the reduction of pain. The more farmers do PPSBE on a regular basis, the more they prevent the MSD symptoms and reduce pain by themselves in working condition and daily life. Further support will be necessary to maintain farmers``health education programs and to keep farmers healthy against MSD in future. Key WordsFarmer, MSD Prevention Exercise, Props Pilates, Stability, Balance |